Animals / Dogs

English Toy Terrier

History of occurrence

The English toy terrier nickname is the "rat terrier" since it was developed as a rat hunter in nineteenth century Manchester, England by a man named John Hulme. The English Toy Terrier was considered to be the best vermin hunting breed of the day. An English Toy Terrier named Billy supposedly killed 100 rats in only 6 minutes, 13 seconds in a British contest! Though he looks like a Miniature Doberman, the breeds are not related. The English Toy Terrier was the result of crosses between the Black & Tan Terrier and the Whippet. Selective breeding produced the toy size. The English Toy Terrier became popular during the reign of Queen Victoria, when miniaturization was the rage. Some tiny Victorian-age dogs weighed only 1Kg. Today, the Manchester is primarily a companion.

General form

A well balanced, elegant and compact Toy with Terrier temperament and characteristics. It must be borne in mind that in the past the breed was required frequently to be able to acquit itself satisfactorily in the rat pit. Therefore present day specimens should be sleek and cleanly built giving an appearance of alertness combined with speed of movement but not of whippet type. In realization of the fact that this is a Toy Dog with Terrier characteristics unduly nervous specimens cannot rank as wholly typical representatives of the breed. Judges when officiating should bear this in mind.

Отличительная особенность породы English Toy Terrier

Head

Head and Skull: the head should be long and narrow with a flat skull, wedge-shaped without emphasis of cheek muscles and well filled up under the eyes . The top and bottom jaws should be held tightly together within compressed lips. Upon close inspection of the foreface one finds indications of a slight "stop". The foreface then tapers gently to provide a wedge-shaped impression in profile similarly corresponding to that given when it is viewed direct. Although an illusion of being "overshot" can result, any suggestion of a snipy appearance is undesirable. Nose: black. Eyes: these should be very dark to black without light shading from the iris. They should be small, almond shaped, obliquely set and sparkling. Ears: these should be of "candle-flame" shape, slightly pointed at the tips, placed high upon the back of the skull and proportionately close together. A guide to the size can be obtained by bending the ear forward. It should not reach the eye. From nine months of age the ear carriage must be erect. The entire inside of the ear should face the front. The leather of the ear should be thin. A cat ear appearance is wrong. Mouth: teeth should be level and strong. The upper front teeth should close slightly over the lower front teeth, the latter to lean forward fractionally thus establishing the correct level bite.

Body

Neck: the neck should be long, graceful and slightly arched. The shoulders should be well laid back not straight. The pattern of the neck line flowing into the shoulders, and sloping off elegantly. Throatiness is undesirable. Body: the body is compact, head and legs proportionate thus producing correct balance. The back very slightly curving from behind the shoulder to the loin falling again to the root of the tail. The chest should be narrow and deep with the ribs well sprung to a well cut up loin. The buttocks should be gently rounded.

Paws

Forequarters: the chest narrow and deep. Legs falling straight from the shoulders, with the elbows close to the chest providing a straight front. Loose elbows and wide fronts are faults. Fine bone is eminently desirable. The ideal fore-movement is that akin to the "extended trot", hackney action is not desirable; equally to be discouraged is a "shuffling" gait. Hindquarters: a well-rounded loin leading to a good turn of stifle is required, hocks well let down, a "tucked under" appearance is undesirable. Hind-action should be smooth and suggest ease and precision combined with drive. There should be a "flowing quality" to give true soundness. Feet: dainty compact, split up between the toes, and well arched, with jet black nails; the two middle toes of the front feet rather longer than the others and the hind feet shaped like those of a cat. 

Tail

The tail should be thick at the root, tapering to a point. Set low and not reaching below the hock. A "gay" tail carriage is undesirable if displayed to excess.

Wool

Coat:  the texture should be thick, close, smooth and of glossy appearance. A density of short hair is required. Colour: black and Tan. The black should be ebony and the tan can be likened to a new chestnut, deeply rich. These colours should not run or blend into each other, but should meet abruptly, forming clear and well defined lines of colour division. Forelegs tanned to the knee in front. The tan then continuing inside and at the back of the foreleg to a point just below the elbow. A thin black line up each toe (Pencilling) and a clearly defined black mark, "thumb mark", on the centre of each pastern and under the chin. The hind legs should be well tanned in front and on the inside, with a black "bar" dividing the tan at the centre of the lower thigh. Each toe "pencilled". Heavy tan on the outside of the hindquarters, "breeching", is a fault. On the head the muzzle is well tanned, nose black, the black continuing along the top of the muzzle, curving below the eyes to the base of the throat. A tan spot above each eye and a small tan spot on each cheek. The under jaw and throat are tanned, the lip line black. The hair inside the ears tanned (tan behind the ears a fault). Each side of the chest is slightly tanned. The vent and under root of the tail tanned. White hairs forming a patch anywhere are a serious fault.

Movement

Ideal fore-movement akin to the "extended trot"; hackney action not desirable; equally a "shuffling gait" undesirable. Hind action smooth with ease and precision combined with drive; there should be flowing quality to indicate true soundness.

Size

Weight — 2.7 to 3.6 kg. Height — 25.5 - 30 cm.

Character

The English Toy Terrier loves human companionship and attaches itself deeply to its family. English Toy Terriers are highly intelligent and cunning and are easy to train. Excelling at obedience trials and agility, the English Toy Terrier should not be left unattended with small animals and should be introduced to children as a puppy. English Toy Terriers can be snappish and headstrong and require firm training and early socialisation.

Maintenance care

This is not an outdoor breed. It enjoys a romp outdoors, but it hates the cold. Indoors, it appreciates a soft, warm bed. Coat care is minimal, consisting of occasional brushing to remove dead hair. Lifespan — 14-16 years.

Dignity

The little English Toy Terrier is a loyal and affectionate companion who thrives on the company of others. They have the typical terrier personality: courageous, vivacious and more than capable of catching their weight in rats or mice. They are generally good with children. The English Toy Terrier is a lovable, friendly dog that is equally at home in city or country, apartment or farm, as long as their owner is in sight.

Difficulty keeping

English Toy Terriers are very curious by nature and as a result it is best to keep an eye on them, especially when outside of the house. 

Diseases

The English Toy Terrier did suffer from a number of health problems when it was first introduced. Since the 1950’s, breeders have worked to combat any genetic issues and there has been much improvement. If you buy from a reputable, responsible breeder, health problems should not occur. However, if your English Toy Terrier does achieve a good old age, the normal complaints that we all suffer from, such as arthritis and failing eyesight may begin to develop. The most notable common concerns suffered by English Toy Terriers are relating to skin disorders, which are generally manageable with care. Other problems can include patella luxation, where the kneecap slips in and out of place and arthritis. However, if you are careful who you buy from, your English toy terrier should give you many years of good health, fun and loving companionship.
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