Animals / Dogs

English Cocker Spaniel

History of occurrence

Cocker Spaniels were recognized as a separate breed from Field and Springer Spaniels soon after the formation of the Kennel Club in 1873. He originated as the ‘cocking spaniel’, and derived this name from flushing woodcock. As with a number of gundog breeds there is nowadays a difference between those used for work and those used for show: the show Cocker is a sturdier, heavier version of his working counterpart.

General form

Merry, sturdy, sporting; well balanced; compact.

Отличительная особенность породы English Cocker Spaniel

Head

Skull: Well developed, cleanly chiselled, neither too fine nor too coarse. Stop: Distinct, set midway between tip of nose and occiput. Nose: Sufficiently wide for acute scenting power. Muzzle: Square. Jaws/Teeth: Jaws strong with a perfect, regular and complete scissor bite, i.e. upper teeth closely overlapping lower teeth and set square to the jaws. Cheek: Not prominent. Eyes: Full, but not prominent. Dark brown or brown, never light, but in the case of liver, liver roan and liver and white, dark hazel to harmonize with coat; with expression of intelligence and gentleness but wide awake, bright and merry; rims tight. Ears: Lobular, set low on level with eyes. Fine leathers extending to nose tip. Well clothed with long, straight silky hair.

Body

Neck: moderate in length, muscular. Set neatly into fine sloping shoulders. Clean throat. Body: strong, compact. Topline: Firm, level, gently sloping downwards to tail from end of loin to set on of tail. Loin: Short, wide. Chest: Well developed and brisket deep; neither too wide nor too narrow in front. Ribs well sprung.

Paws

Forequarters: General appearance: Legs well boned, straight, sufficiently short for concentrated power. Not too short to interfere with tremendous exertions expected from this grand, sporting dog. Shoulder: Sloping and fine. Forefeet: Firm, thickly padded, cat-like. Hindquarters: General appearance: Wide, well rounded, very muscular; legs well boned. Stifle (Knee): Good bend. Hock joint: Short below the hock joint, allowing for plenty of drive. Hind feet: Firm, thickly padded, cat-like.

Tail

Set on slightly lower than line of back. Must be merry in action and carried level, never cocked up. Previously customarily docked. Docked: Never too short to hide, nor too long to interfere with, the incessant merry action when working. Undocked: Slightly curved, of moderate length, proportionate to size of body giving an overall balanced appearance; ideally not reaching below the hock. Strong at the root and tapering to a fine tip; well feathered in keeping with the coat. Lively in action, carried on a plane not higher than level of back and never so low as to indicate timidity.

Wool

Hair: Flat, silky in texture, never wiry or wavy, not too profuse and never curly. Well feathered forelegs, body and hind legs above hocks. Colour: Solid colours: Black; red; golden; liver (chocolate); black and tan; liver and tan; No white allowed except a small amount on chest. Particolours: Bicolours; Black and white; orange and white; liver and white; lemon and white. All with or without ticking. Tricolours: Black, white and tan; liver, white and tan. Roans: Blue roan; orange roan; lemon roan; liver roan; blue roan and tan; liver roan and tan.

Movement

True through action with great drive covering ground well.

Size

Height: Males — 39-41 cm. Females — 38-39 cm. Weight: 13-14, 5 kg.

Character

Merry nature with everwagging tail shows a typical bustling movement, particularly when following scent, fearless of heavy cover. Gentle and affectionate, yet full of life and exuberance

Maintenance care

The English Cocker Spaniel should be taken on long walks, preferably for hours. This will give it the necessary daily exercise. Running and playing will be good physical exercise for the breed as well. Although the English Cocker Spaniel can survive outside in temperate weather, it is best to keep the dog at home with access to a yard. One should check its ears regularly to remove dirt, while its coat should be combed and brushed two to three times a week. Trimming the fur at the tail and feet is necessary every two months, and head and ears are to be clipped properly at regular intervals. Lifespan —12-14 years.

Dignity

Conveniently sized and athletic. Has a pretty feathered coat in a variety of colors. Lively and playful, with a tail-wagging nature. Usually polite with everyone. Peaceful with other pets.

Difficulty keeping

"Separation anxiety" (destructiveness and barking) when left alone too much. Frequent brushing, combing, and clipping of the silky coat needed. Considerable shedding. Potential for excessive barking. Excitable or submissive urination (tendency to dribble urine when excited or nervous).

Diseases

Care should be taken to prevent some serious health-related problems such as patellar luxation and progressive retinal atrophy (PRA). This breed is also prone to some minor problems like hypothyroidism, canine hip dysplasia (CHD), cataract, and kidney disease. The parti-colors are prone to deafness. The English Cocker Spaniel must have its knees, ears, hips, eyes, and thyroid tested. Cardiomyopathy can also occasionally be seen in the breed.
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